Crash Count for Sheepshead Bay-Manhattan Beach-Gerritsen Beach
Crashes: Collisions involving cars, bikes, and pedestrians. 2,214
All Injuries: Any injury from a reported crash. 1,411
Moderate: Broken bones, concussions, and other serious injuries. 273
Serious: Life-altering injuries: amputations, paralysis, severe trauma. 10
Deaths: Lives lost to traffic violence. 7
Data from Jan 1, 2022 to Sep 15, 2025
Carnage in Sheepshead Bay-Manhattan Beach-Gerritsen Beach
Killed 7
Crush Injuries 3
Head 1
Lower leg/foot 1
Whole body 1
Amputation 1
Lower leg/foot 1
Severe Bleeding 4
Head 3
Face 1
Severe Lacerations 2
Lower arm/hand 1
Lower leg/foot 1
Concussion 9
Head 8
+3
Back 1
Hip/upper leg 1
Whiplash 37
Neck 14
+9
Head 11
+6
Back 7
+2
Face 2
Abdomen/pelvis 1
Chest 1
Hip/upper leg 1
Lower arm/hand 1
Shoulder/upper arm 1
Whole body 1
Contusion/Bruise 70
Lower leg/foot 19
+14
Head 18
+13
Lower arm/hand 10
+5
Back 6
+1
Hip/upper leg 4
Neck 4
Shoulder/upper arm 4
Whole body 4
Face 3
Abdomen/pelvis 1
Abrasion 37
Lower leg/foot 12
+7
Lower arm/hand 9
+4
Head 5
Face 3
Whole body 3
Chest 2
Shoulder/upper arm 2
Neck 1
Pain/Nausea 18
Whole body 6
+1
Neck 4
Chest 2
Abdomen/pelvis 1
Back 1
Head 1
Lower leg/foot 1
Shoulder/upper arm 1
Data from Jan 1, 2022 to Sep 15, 2025

Who’s Injuring and Killing Pedestrians in Sheepshead Bay-Manhattan Beach-Gerritsen Beach?

Preventable Speeding in Sheepshead Bay-Manhattan Beach-Gerritsen Beach School Zones

(since 2022)
Belt Parkway Bleeds. Ocean Avenue Mourns.

Belt Parkway Bleeds. Ocean Avenue Mourns.

Sheepshead Bay-Manhattan Beach-Gerritsen Beach: Jan 1, 2022 - Aug 24, 2025

Another driver. Same ending.

  • Four people are dead here since 2022. Hundreds are hurt. Pedestrians take two of the deaths; car occupants take two more, according to city data for Sheepshead Bay–Manhattan Beach–Gerritsen Beach. The worst toll sits on the Belt Parkway. Two killed. 257 injured.
  • A 58-year-old man died walking near the Belt in 2022. A taxi and a sedan hit him. Police logged him as a pedestrian not at an intersection (CrashID 4578958).
  • A 57-year-old passenger died in a Belt Parkway pileup in 2023. Seven vehicles. One unlicensed driver among them (CrashID 4680397).
  • In 2024, a 77-year-old driver on Ocean Avenue was killed in a three-car crash. He was unconscious at the scene (CrashID 4720212).
  • Since then, the injuries keep coming. Pedestrians: 212. Cyclists: 71. Other motorized riders: 43. The data runs through August 24, 2025 (NYC Open Data rollup).

Speed peaks. People break.

  • The clock tells a story. Injuries spike in the afternoon. The 4 p.m. hour carries 84 injuries and two deaths. The 5 p.m. hour has 102 injuries. Night doesn’t save you: 9 p.m. shows another death (hourly distribution).
  • SUVs lead pedestrian harm here: 93 pedestrian casualties, including one death, tied to SUVs. Sedans follow with 77. A taxi accounts for another pedestrian death (causes of pedestrian injuries).
  • “Criminal charges for him were still pending,” police said in one Brooklyn crash covered citywide this month. Another line from the same day: a bus hit a teen on a scooter; the boy was critical (Gothamist roundup). The pattern is bigger than one block.

Three corners. One fix.

  • The Belt Parkway is a hotspot. So is Ocean Avenue. Oriental Boulevard, too, where a 99-year-old man was killed in a crosswalk area in 2022 (CrashID 4500449).
  • Contributing factors logged by NYPD put “other” at the top, but the injuries show the shape: inattention, failure to yield, and unsafe speed all appear in the file (contributing factors).
  • The fixes are not theory. Daylighting at corners. Hardened turns. Leading pedestrian intervals. Targeted enforcement at the repeat hotspots. The afternoon hours need it most.

Officials know what works — do they?

  • Albany gave the city power to lower speeds. Advocates say use it. “Sammy’s Law gave NYC the power to set safer speeds. Lower our residential speed limit to 20 mph,” our site tells readers to demand (Take Action).
  • The state is weighing speed limiters for repeat speeders. The bill — S 4045 — would require intelligent speed assistance after a record of violations. Senators moved it through committee in June (Open States file). City press has shown what repeat offenders do to families. One Streetsblog analysis ties a small group of drivers to a big share of deaths (Streetsblog overview).
  • On the ground, some electeds fought basic visibility. A DOT report against universal daylighting became fuel for opponents, including Council Member Inna Vernikov (coverage). Earlier, she pushed DOT to pause bike lanes in Southern Brooklyn (report).

The names fade. The corners don’t.

  • This year to date, crashes are up about 27% over last year at this time. Injuries are up, too (period stats).
  • Peak hours. Same streets. Same toll.

What now

  • Lower the default city speed to 20 mph. Deploy speed limiters for repeat speeders. Fix the corners that do the most harm. The law and the data allow it. The delay costs lives. Act. Take action.

Citations

Citations

Other Representatives

Kalman Yeger
Assembly Member Kalman Yeger
District 41
District Office:
3520 Nostrand Ave., Brooklyn, NY 11229
Legislative Office:
Room 324, Legislative Office Building, Albany, NY 12248
Inna Vernikov
Council Member Inna Vernikov
District 48
District Office:
2401 Avenue U, Brooklyn, NY 11229
718-368-9176
Legislative Office:
250 Broadway, Suite 1773, New York, NY 10007
212-788-7366
Twitter: @InnaVernikov
Jessica Scarcella-Spanton
State Senator Jessica Scarcella-Spanton
District 23
District Office:
2875 W. 8th St. Unit #3, Brooklyn, NY 11224
Legislative Office:
Room 617, Legislative Office Building, Albany, NY 12247
Other Geographies

Sheepshead Bay-Manhattan Beach-Gerritsen Beach Sheepshead Bay-Manhattan Beach-Gerritsen Beach sits in Brooklyn, District 48, AD 41, SD 23, Brooklyn CB15.

See also
Boroughs
City Council Districts
Community Boards
State_assembly_districts
State Senate Districts

Traffic Safety Timeline for Sheepshead Bay-Manhattan Beach-Gerritsen Beach

6
Two Sedans Collide on Belt Parkway

Dec 6 - Two sedans collided on Belt Parkway. Both vehicles were traveling west. The front of one struck the rear of the other. A 47-year-old female driver suffered a neck injury. She was conscious and restrained by a lap belt and harness. No ejections occurred.

According to the police report, two sedans collided on Belt Parkway. Both vehicles were traveling west when the front of a 2020 Chevrolet sedan struck the rear of a 2021 Nissan sedan. The Nissan driver, a 47-year-old woman, was injured with a neck injury but remained conscious and was properly restrained with a lap belt and harness. The Chevrolet driver was slowing or stopping, while the Nissan was stopped in traffic. The report lists no specific driver errors or contributing factors beyond unspecified causes. The impact occurred at the center front end of the Chevrolet and the center back end of the Nissan.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4685164 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
24
Sedan Strikes Pedestrian Crossing With Signal

Nov 24 - A 55-year-old woman was hit by a sedan making a left turn on Homecrest Avenue in Brooklyn. She was crossing with the signal. The impact caused a serious head injury and unconsciousness. The driver failed to yield right-of-way.

According to the police report, a sedan traveling north on Homecrest Avenue in Brooklyn struck a 55-year-old female pedestrian who was crossing with the signal. The driver was making a left turn and impacted the pedestrian with the vehicle's left front bumper. The pedestrian suffered a serious head injury and was unconscious at the scene. The report lists 'Failure to Yield Right-of-Way' as a contributing factor. The pedestrian was not at fault and was crossing legally. No other contributing factors such as helmet use or signaling were noted.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4681860 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
22
Two-Vehicle Side Impact Crash Injures Brooklyn Driver

Nov 22 - A sedan and an SUV collided side-to-side on Coyle Street in Brooklyn. The sedan driver, a 40-year-old woman, suffered head injuries and whiplash. Police cited driver inattention and inexperience as causes. Both vehicles sustained damage on their sides.

According to the police report, a side-impact collision occurred on Coyle Street involving a sedan and an SUV traveling in opposite directions. The sedan driver, a 40-year-old female occupant, was injured with head trauma and whiplash but was not ejected and remained conscious. The report lists driver inattention and distraction, along with driver inexperience, as contributing factors to the crash. The vehicles struck each other on their right and left side doors respectively, causing damage to both. The sedan driver was wearing a lap belt at the time. No pedestrian or cyclist was involved in this incident.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4681487 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
20
Pedestrian Injured Off Roadway in Brooklyn Crash

Nov 20 - A 43-year-old woman suffered knee and lower leg injuries in Brooklyn. She was not in the roadway when struck. The crash left her in shock with visible injuries. No driver errors or contributing factors were reported by police.

According to the police report, a 43-year-old female pedestrian was injured in a crash near Bragg Street in Brooklyn. She sustained injuries to her knee, lower leg, and foot and was reported to be in shock. The report states she was not in the roadway at the time of the incident. No contributing factors or driver errors were listed in the data. The vehicle involved was unspecified, and no details about the driver or vehicle actions were provided. The pedestrian did not have visible complaints at the scene. The report does not indicate any helmet use or signaling as factors.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4680805 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
19
Two Sedans Collide on Shore Parkway

Nov 19 - Two sedans collided on Shore Parkway just after midnight. One driver was turning right, the other driving straight. The front passenger in the second vehicle suffered neck injuries and whiplash. Both vehicles sustained front quarter panel damage.

According to the police report, two sedans traveling east on Shore Parkway collided. One driver was making a right turn while the other was going straight ahead. The impact occurred at the left front bumper of the turning vehicle and the right front bumper of the other. A 24-year-old male front passenger in the second sedan was injured, suffering neck pain and whiplash. He was restrained by a lap belt and harness and was not ejected. The report lists unspecified contributing factors but does not identify specific driver errors such as failure to yield or speeding. Both vehicles sustained damage to their front quarter panels.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4680055 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
18
Sedan Slams on Belt Parkway, Passenger Killed

Nov 18 - Metal tore on Belt Parkway. A sedan hit hard. A 57-year-old woman in the front seat died from head wounds. A baby behind the wheel survived, bleeding. The crash left the road stained and silent. Failure to yield cut a life short.

A deadly crash erupted on Belt Parkway. According to the police report, a sedan struck with force. A 57-year-old woman riding in the front passenger seat died from head injuries. An infant in the driver’s seat survived with crush wounds. The report lists 'Failure to Yield Right-of-Way' as a contributing factor. Multiple vehicles were involved, including sedans and SUVs. The scene was chaotic, metal twisted, and lives changed in seconds. No mention of helmet or signal use appears in the report. The system failed to protect its most vulnerable. The toll: one woman dead, a child injured, and a city left with another scar.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4680397 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
13
Sedan Hits Parked SUVs on Avenue W

Nov 13 - A sedan struck multiple parked SUVs on Avenue W in Brooklyn. The female driver suffered knee and lower leg injuries. Police cited traffic control disregard as the cause. The crash damaged the front ends of all involved vehicles.

According to the police report, a 30-year-old female driver in a sedan collided with several parked SUVs on Avenue W in Brooklyn. The driver was injured, sustaining contusions and injuries to her knee, lower leg, and foot. The report lists "Traffic Control Disregarded" as the contributing factor. The sedan's front end was damaged, as were the front ends of the parked SUVs. The driver was wearing a lap belt and harness and was not ejected. No other contributing factors or victim errors were noted.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4678992 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
31
61-Year-Old Pedestrian Injured by SUV in Brooklyn

Oct 31 - A 61-year-old woman was struck by an SUV while walking outside an intersection in Brooklyn. The vehicle hit her center front end. She suffered bruises and injuries to her elbow and lower arm. The driver was licensed and traveling northbound.

According to the police report, a 61-year-old female pedestrian was injured after being struck by a 2012 Ford SUV traveling north on East 18 Street in Brooklyn. The pedestrian was not at an intersection and was engaged in other actions in the roadway when the collision occurred. The point of impact was the center front end of the vehicle. The pedestrian sustained contusions and injuries to her elbow, lower arm, and hand. The driver was licensed and operating the vehicle going straight ahead. No specific driver errors such as failure to yield or speeding were listed as contributing factors. The report lists unspecified contributing factors for the pedestrian but does not assign fault or blame.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4675315 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
28
Two Sedans Collide on East 16 Street

Oct 28 - Two sedans crashed head-on on East 16 Street in Brooklyn. A 16-year-old front passenger suffered a head contusion. The driver disregarded traffic control and drove at unsafe speed. The injured teen was conscious and not ejected from the vehicle.

According to the police report, two sedans collided head-on at the intersection of East 16 Street and Gravesend Neck Road in Brooklyn. The front passenger, a 16-year-old male, sustained a head injury described as a contusion and was conscious after the crash. The report lists the driver’s errors as disregarding traffic control and unsafe speed. The injured occupant was not ejected and was not using any safety equipment. The crash caused center front-end damage to both vehicles. The driver of one sedan was unlicensed, while the other was licensed. No other contributing factors or victim errors were noted.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4674803 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
12
Novakhov Voices Concerns Over Drivers Amid Greenway Expansion

Oct 12 - Mayor Adams promised 40 miles of new greenways for cyclists. No dates. No cost. No routes. The city got federal money to plan. Advocates want more. Drivers complain. The mayor says community input comes first. Details remain missing. Streets stay dangerous.

On October 12, 2023, Mayor Adams announced a pledge to build 40 miles of new cyclist-friendly greenways in New York City. The announcement followed a $7.25-million federal grant for planning. The mayor said, "You can't force feed this on community residents. It's about conversation, it's about engagement." Assembly Member Michael Novakhov voiced concerns for drivers, saying, "I have some concerns about the drivers of the regular cars." Hunter Armstrong of the Brooklyn Greenway Initiative called for more investment and better maintenance. The mayor did not specify funding, locations, or a timeline. The routes will be chosen through community engagement. Advocates welcomed the promise but criticized the lack of detail and ambition. City Hall did not answer questions on cost or schedule. Vulnerable road users wait for action, not words.


8
SUV Slams Parked SUV on East 27 Street

Oct 8 - A turning SUV struck a parked SUV in Brooklyn. The driver was bruised. Metal crumpled. The crash followed a reaction to another vehicle. No one else was hurt.

According to the police report, a 36-year-old woman driving a 2022 SUV made a left turn on East 27 Street and crashed into a parked SUV. The driver suffered bruises to her elbow and lower arm. The report lists "Reaction to Uninvolved Vehicle" as a contributing factor, showing the driver responded to another vehicle before the crash. The parked SUV’s left rear bumper was damaged. The moving SUV’s front end was crushed. No other driver errors or victim factors were reported.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4668717 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
8
Belt Parkway Pileup Leaves Two Injured

Oct 8 - A pick-up, sedan, and SUV slammed together on Belt Parkway. Two people hurt. Both stayed conscious. Driver inexperience and vehicle issues fueled the crash.

According to the police report, three vehicles—a pick-up truck, a sedan, and an SUV—collided on Belt Parkway. Two occupants were injured: an 82-year-old male passenger suffered back injuries and whiplash, and a 51-year-old female driver sustained whiplash. Both remained conscious and were not ejected. The report lists driver inexperience and other vehicular factors as contributing causes. The sedan driver held only a permit, while the other drivers were licensed. The crash involved impacts to the center back ends of the pick-up and SUV, and the right rear bumper of the sedan. No other injuries were reported.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4668615 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
5
SUV and Sedan Crash Severs Pedestrian’s Leg

Oct 5 - Two cars slammed together at East 27th and Avenue W. A woman stood close. Metal struck flesh. Her leg was gone. Blood spread. She stared, silent, as engines idled and the city kept moving.

A collision between a station wagon and a sedan at the corner of East 27th Street and Avenue W in Brooklyn left a 44-year-old woman with an amputated leg. According to the police report, 'Two cars collided. A woman stood nearby. Her leg was taken. Blood pooled on the pavement. She did not scream. Just stared.' The pedestrian was not in the roadway but was at the intersection when the crash occurred. The police report lists the contributing factors as 'Unspecified.' No driver errors are detailed in the data. The woman suffered severe injury to her lower leg and foot. No mention of helmet or signal use is included.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4668304 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
5
SUV With Dead Headlights Strikes E-Bike Rider

Oct 5 - A Ford SUV turned left in the dark. Its headlights were dead. The SUV struck a man on an e-bike. Metal hit skull. Blood pooled on Avenue Y. The man stayed conscious, bleeding under the streetlight.

A Ford SUV with defective headlights turned left at the corner of East 21st Street and Avenue Y in Brooklyn. The SUV struck a 35-year-old man riding an e-bike straight through the intersection. According to the police report, the SUV's headlights were defective. The e-bike rider suffered a severe head injury and was bleeding but remained conscious at the scene. The police report lists 'Headlights Defective' as a contributing factor. No driver errors beyond the defective headlights are noted in the data. No mention is made of helmet use or other safety equipment. The crash highlights the danger when vehicles operate without working headlights.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4671339 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
2
E-Bike Collision Injures Two Teen Males

Oct 2 - Two teenage boys on an e-bike collided on Nostrand Avenue in Brooklyn. The driver failed to yield and disregarded traffic control. Both suffered abrasions to their elbows and lower arms. The crash damaged the bike’s front center. Both remained conscious.

According to the police report, a 15-year-old male driver and a 14-year-old male passenger on an e-bike were injured in a crash on Nostrand Avenue near Avenue Z in Brooklyn. Both sustained abrasions to their elbows and lower arms. The report lists 'Failure to Yield Right-of-Way' and 'Traffic Control Disregarded' as contributing factors. The e-bike, traveling north and going straight ahead, struck with its center front end, causing damage. Neither occupant wore safety equipment. Both victims were conscious and not ejected from the vehicle. The crash highlights driver errors related to yielding and traffic control compliance.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4667278 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
2
Pedestrian Injured Crossing Against Signal on Avenue Z

Oct 2 - A 42-year-old woman was struck while crossing Avenue Z against the signal. She suffered injuries to her entire body and was in shock. The SUV involved showed no damage. The driver was licensed and traveling north, going straight ahead.

According to the police report, a 42-year-old female pedestrian was injured while crossing Avenue Z against the signal. The pedestrian suffered injuries to her entire body and was reported to be in shock with complaints of pain or nausea. The vehicle involved was a 2017 Bentley SUV traveling north, going straight ahead. The point of impact was the center front end of the vehicle. The driver was a licensed female from New York with three occupants in the vehicle. No driver errors or contributing factors were listed in the report. The SUV showed no damage. The pedestrian was not at an intersection when struck.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4667287 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
27
A 8079 Novakhov co-sponsors e-scooter license bill, likely reducing overall street safety.

Sep 27 - Assembly bill A 8079 would force scooter riders to get licensed, insured, and schooled. No license, no sale. Lawmakers push paperwork, not street fixes. Vulnerable users still face the same steel threat.

Assembly Bill A 8079, now in sponsorship, sits with the New York State Assembly. Filed September 27, 2023, it aims to require a safety manual, licensing, and insurance for electric scooter operators in New York City. The bill summary reads: 'Establishes a bicycle and electric scooter operator's safety manual; provides for the issuance of a license...; requires liability insurance for electric scooters in cities having a population of one million or more.' Assembly Member John Zaccaro Jr. leads, with Rebecca Seawright, Michael Benedetto, Deborah Glick, Jeffrion Aubry, David McDonough, and Michael Novakhov co-sponsoring. The bill targets paperwork and compliance. It does not address the core dangers faced by pedestrians and cyclists on city streets.


20
Motorbike Ejected Driver in Brooklyn SUV Crash

Sep 20 - A motorbike carrying two collided with two SUVs on Avenue X in Brooklyn. The motorbike driver, 18, was ejected and suffered full-body injuries with minor bleeding. Police cited failure to yield right-of-way as a key factor in the crash.

According to the police report, a motorbike traveling east on Avenue X collided with two SUVs traveling north and south. The 18-year-old male motorbike driver was ejected and sustained injuries to his entire body, including minor bleeding. The report lists failure to yield right-of-way as the contributing factor. Both SUVs were driven by licensed male drivers. The motorbike carried two occupants, but only the driver’s injuries are detailed. The motorbike driver was not wearing any safety equipment. The collision caused damage to the front ends of the vehicles involved. No other contributing factors or victim errors were noted in the report.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4664285 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
15
Sedan Ejects Driver During Left Turn Crash

Sep 15 - A 24-year-old male driver was ejected from his sedan while making a left turn on East 15 Street in Brooklyn. He suffered abrasions and injuries to his elbow, lower arm, and hand. The driver was conscious but injured.

According to the police report, a 24-year-old male driver was making a left turn on East 15 Street when the crash occurred. The driver was ejected from the vehicle and sustained abrasions and injuries to his elbow, lower arm, and hand. The vehicle, a 2017 Ford sedan, was damaged on the right front bumper. The report lists unspecified contributing factors but does not identify any pedestrian or cyclist involvement. The driver was not using any safety equipment at the time of the crash. No failure to yield or other driver errors were explicitly noted in the data.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4662641 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19
13
SUV Ignores Light, Strikes Elderly Pedestrian

Sep 13 - An SUV ran the light at East 18th and Avenue Y. The old man crossed with the signal. Steel hit skull. He fell. Blood spread on the street. Seventy-eight years old. Head injury. Still conscious. The SUV sat, untouched.

A seventy-eight-year-old man was struck by a southbound SUV at the corner of East 18th Street and Avenue Y in Brooklyn. According to the police report, the pedestrian was 'crossing with the signal' when the SUV 'came south, straight through.' The man suffered a head injury and severe bleeding but remained conscious at the scene. The report lists 'Traffic Control Disregarded' and 'Driver Inattention/Distraction' as contributing factors. The SUV showed no visible damage. The collision highlights the danger when drivers ignore traffic signals and fail to pay attention. The victim was in the crosswalk, following the signal, when the impact occurred.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4662120 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-19