Crash Count for Manhattan CB5
Crashes: Collisions involving cars, bikes, and pedestrians. 5,662
All Injuries: Any injury from a reported crash. 3,012
Moderate: Broken bones, concussions, and other serious injuries. 994
Serious: Life-altering injuries: amputations, paralysis, severe trauma. 73
Deaths: Lives lost to traffic violence. 16
Data from Jan 1, 2022 to Sep 14, 2025
Carnage in CB 105
Killed 16
+2
Crush Injuries 13
Lower leg/foot 5
Head 3
Lower arm/hand 2
Back 1
Chest 1
Whole body 1
Amputation 2
Back 1
Hip/upper leg 1
Severe Bleeding 30
Head 19
+14
Face 4
Lower arm/hand 3
Abdomen/pelvis 1
Lower leg/foot 1
Shoulder/upper arm 1
Whole body 1
Severe Lacerations 25
Head 10
+5
Face 5
Lower leg/foot 5
Lower arm/hand 3
Hip/upper leg 2
Concussion 29
Head 20
+15
Neck 3
Abdomen/pelvis 1
Back 1
Face 1
Hip/upper leg 1
Lower arm/hand 1
Lower leg/foot 1
Whiplash 77
Neck 40
+35
Head 17
+12
Back 13
+8
Whole body 3
Chest 2
Face 2
Lower leg/foot 2
Abdomen/pelvis 1
Lower arm/hand 1
Shoulder/upper arm 1
Contusion/Bruise 341
Lower leg/foot 126
+121
Lower arm/hand 52
+47
Head 47
+42
Shoulder/upper arm 35
+30
Hip/upper leg 30
+25
Neck 13
+8
Back 12
+7
Abdomen/pelvis 10
+5
Whole body 9
+4
Face 8
+3
Chest 4
Eye 1
Abrasion 198
Lower leg/foot 73
+68
Lower arm/hand 50
+45
Head 26
+21
Shoulder/upper arm 16
+11
Face 13
+8
Hip/upper leg 9
+4
Back 6
+1
Whole body 5
Neck 4
Chest 1
Pain/Nausea 58
Lower leg/foot 15
+10
Back 10
+5
Shoulder/upper arm 10
+5
Whole body 9
+4
Neck 8
+3
Hip/upper leg 5
Lower arm/hand 4
Head 2
Eye 1
Data from Jan 1, 2022 to Sep 14, 2025

Who’s Injuring and Killing Pedestrians in Manhattan CB5?

Preventable Speeding in CB 105 School Zones

(since 2022)
Midtown’s kill zone: seven dead, hundreds hurt, and the lights stay green

Midtown’s kill zone: seven dead, hundreds hurt, and the lights stay green

Manhattan CB5: Jan 1, 2022 - Aug 26, 2025

Sixth Avenue takes. Fifth Avenue takes. The numbers do not look away.

  • Since 2022, Manhattan CB5 logged 14 deaths and 2,341 injuries in 4,459 crashes. Pedestrians and cyclists took most of the pain: 8 pedestrians killed, 4 cyclists killed. NYC Open Data
  • This year alone: 7 dead, 541 injured. Deaths are up 250% over last year’s pace. Period stats

A car hits a person. The person falls. The city waits.

Sixth Avenue, West 51st: blood on the corner

On West 58th and the Avenue of the Americas, an SUV turned left. An 83‑year‑old woman crossing with the signal went down and died. The driver was licensed. The car was a Mazda. The date was Feb. 11, 10:22 p.m. Crash record

At West 51st and Fifth, a “top intersection” by injuries, the tally climbs: 101 injuries, 8 serious injuries, 1 death on the corridor list. The avenue hums; people cross; steel wins. Hotspots

At West 36th and Seventh, a Toyota SUV struck a 34‑year‑old in the crosswalk. The city wrote “Driver Inattention/Distraction.” He died. It was 11:31 p.m. Crash record

Who gets hurt, and when

The worst hours here hit late afternoon into night. At 3 p.m., the sheet shows 3 deaths and 131 injuries. At 10 p.m., 1 death and 106 injuries. At 11 p.m., 1 death and 86 injuries. The clock turns; so do the wheels. Hourly data

Pedestrians are struck most by SUVs and sedans in this district: SUVs are tied to 6 pedestrian deaths and 144 pedestrian injuries; sedans to 193 pedestrian injuries. Trucks and buses add 66 more pedestrian injuries and 1 death. Bikes also hit people: 131 pedestrian injuries by bikes. The street gives no one mercy. Mode rollup

Causes the city writes down

The blame boxes tell a story in blunt ink.

  • “Other” sits on top: 13 deaths, 1,202 injuries.
  • “Vulnerable road user error” is next: 2 deaths, 159 injuries.
  • “Inattention/distraction” shows 87 injuries.
  • “Failure to yield” shows 57 injuries.
  • “Unsafe speed” is listed in this area with 3 injuries and 2 serious injuries — a small count that doesn’t quiet the body count. District factors

Names don’t come back. Numbers don’t heal.

City Hall moves slow; cars do not

On Canal Street, after two people were killed by a driver going over 100 mph, the city promised fixes. “We are taking immediate steps to fortify this intersection,” said DOT Commissioner Ydanis Rodriguez. Advocates warned most of the corridor stays deadly. Gothamist, NY1

Up the island, DOT says 14th Street will be redesigned next year “to improve the pedestrian experience.” The budget is $3 million, public and BID money mixed. Concrete will come. Lives already left. NY1

The law that could stop the worst repeaters

Albany advanced a bill to force speed limiters on repeat speeders. State Senator Liz Krueger voted yes in committee on S 4045, which targets drivers with a pattern of violations. Open States The Senate also voted to keep school‑zone speed cameras running. Timeline votes

One crash in this district lists “Driver Inattention/Distraction.” Another: a left turn into a person with the light. The pattern is plain. The system lets it continue.

What fixes here, now

  • Harden left turns and add leading walk signals at known pain points like the Avenue of the Americas and West 51st, and along Seventh Avenue and West 42nd Street, which together show over 150 injuries. Hotspots
  • Daylight corners and protect crossings in the late‑day hours when deaths spike, especially 3–6 p.m. and 10–11 p.m. Hourly data
  • Target left‑turn failure‑to‑yield enforcement and curb truck turns in Midtown’s grid during peak crash hours. District factors

Citywide moves that save lives

  • Lower the speed limit using the city’s new authority and pair it with 24/7 cameras that Albany already extended. Slower traffic gives people a chance to live. Take Action
  • Pass the speed‑limiter bill and make it stick against repeat offenders. Open States

The avenues will not stop themselves. People have to make them stop.

Take one step: demand it now. Act.

Citations

Citations

Other Representatives

Tony Simone
Assembly Member Tony Simone
District 75
District Office:
214 W. 29th St. Suite 1401, New York, NY 10001
Legislative Office:
Room 326, Legislative Office Building, Albany, NY 12248
Keith Powers
Council Member Keith Powers
District 4
District Office:
211 East 43rd Street, Suite 1205, New York, NY 10017
212-818-0580
Legislative Office:
250 Broadway, Suite 1725, New York, NY 10007
212-788-7393
Liz Krueger
State Senator Liz Krueger
District 28
District Office:
211 E. 43rd St. Suite 2000, New York, NY 10017
Legislative Office:
Room 416, Legislative Office Building, Albany, NY 12247
Twitter: @LizKrueger
Other Geographies

Manhattan CB5 Manhattan Community Board 5 sits in Manhattan, Precinct 14, District 4, AD 75, SD 28.

It contains Midtown South-Flatiron-Union Square, Midtown-Times Square.

See also
Boroughs
State_assembly_districts
State Senate Districts

Traffic Safety Timeline for Manhattan Community Board 5

9
SUV Left Turn Hits Standing Motorized Vehicle

Jul 9 - The driver of an SUV turned left and hit a standing motorized vehicle at 283 7th Ave in Manhattan. A 55-year-old man suffered an abrasion to his elbow and lower arm. Police cited failure to yield by the SUV driver.

The driver of an SUV turned left and hit a standing motorized vehicle at 283 7th Ave in Manhattan. One man was injured. According to the police report, the crash was caused by 'Failure to Yield Right-of-Way.' Police recorded failure to yield by the SUV driver. The injured person was a 55-year-old man driving the motorized vehicle. He was conscious, not ejected, and complained of an abrasion to his elbow/lower arm/hand. The SUV driver is recorded as a licensed male from NJ who was traveling south and making a left turn. The other driver is recorded as a licensed male from NY. No other contributing factors are listed.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4826271 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
8
Sedan Strikes Pedestrian Crossing With Signal

Jul 8 - A sedan hit a 26-year-old woman crossing W 55th Street with the signal. She suffered a leg injury and shock. The car’s right front struck her. Police list no clear cause.

A sedan traveling west on W 55th Street struck a 26-year-old woman as she crossed at the intersection with the signal. According to the police report, the pedestrian suffered a contusion and injury to her lower leg and foot, and was in shock at the scene. The sedan’s right front quarter panel made contact. The report lists all contributing factors as 'Unspecified.' No driver errors are cited in the data.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4826851 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
7
Unsafe Lane Change Injures Motorized Rider on E 23rd

Jul 7 - A 39-year-old motorized rider suffered facial abrasions after a crash on E 23rd Street. Unsafe lane changing triggered the impact. The street stayed open. The city moved on.

A 39-year-old man operating a motorized vehicle was injured on E 23rd Street at 5th Avenue in Manhattan. According to the police report, the crash involved unsafe lane changing and a reaction to an uninvolved vehicle. The rider suffered abrasions to the face but remained conscious. The report lists 'Unsafe Lane Changing' as the primary contributing factor. No other injuries were reported. The incident highlights the risks posed by driver errors in city traffic.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4826017 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
6
Distracted Driver Strikes Pedestrian on Park Ave S

Jul 6 - A driver hit a 29-year-old man on Park Ave S. The pedestrian suffered leg injuries and lost consciousness. Police cite driver inattention and failure to yield.

A 29-year-old male pedestrian was struck and injured on Park Ave S at E 31st Street in Manhattan. According to the police report, the pedestrian suffered injuries to his lower leg and foot and was found unconscious with minor bleeding. Police list 'Driver Inattention/Distraction' and 'Failure to Yield Right-of-Way' as contributing factors. The vehicle's right front bumper struck the pedestrian. No information was provided about the vehicle type or the actions of the pedestrian. The report centers on driver error, with no mention of other contributing factors.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4825719 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
5
Improper Lane Use Injures Motorized Scooter Driver

Jul 5 - A sedan struck a standing scooter on West 37th. The scooter driver suffered leg abrasions. Police cite improper lane use. Streets remain hazardous for those outside cars.

A sedan collided with a standing motorized scooter on West 37th Street near 7th Avenue in Manhattan. The 40-year-old male scooter driver was injured, sustaining abrasions to his lower leg. According to the police report, 'Passing or Lane Usage Improper' was a contributing factor. The sedan's right front bumper was damaged. No injuries were reported for the 65-year-old female sedan driver. The report also notes 'Pedestrian/Bicyclist/Other Pedestrian Error/Confusion' as a factor. The crash highlights the risks faced by vulnerable road users amid driver errors.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4825534 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
3
Bottcher Supports Safety-Boosting 34th Street Busway

Jul 3 - Mayor Adams halts 34th Street busway. Streets stay clogged. Pedestrians and bus riders lose. Car dominance remains. Safety and equity stalled.

""I joined @keithpowersnyc @marklevinenyc @sengonzalezny @bradhoylman @tonywsimone @alexbores in supporting the proposed 34th Street Busway—a transformative project that will improve bus speeds, reduce crashes, and make it easier for New Yorkers to get where they need to go,"" -- Erik D. Bottcher

On July 3, 2025, the Adams administration paused the 34th Street busway project, as reported by Streetsblog NYC. The matter, described as a 'highly-anticipated 34th Street busway,' had support from Council Members Erik Bottcher, Keith Powers, and others. Bottcher called it 'transformative,' promising fewer crashes and faster buses. Powers slammed the last-minute reversal. Safety analysts warn: canceling the busway preserves car dominance, discourages transit, and keeps streets unsafe for pedestrians and cyclists. The project’s future is uncertain. Vulnerable New Yorkers pay the price.


3
Powers Backs Safety‑Boosting 34th Street Busway

Jul 3 - Mayor Adams halts 34th Street busway. Streets stay clogged. Pedestrians and bus riders lose. Car dominance remains. Safety and equity stalled.

""The 14th Street busway is a great example of what happens when you do deep public engagement but also remain committed to the goal of speeding up bus service. Elected officials representing this area have come out in support of it. We have a great example from 14th Street that proves out this kind of project, and we do not want to find out another example from this administration of them making last minute decisions to pull important projects without consulting with the elected officials or giving us an alternative plan."" -- Keith Powers

On July 3, 2025, the Adams administration paused the 34th Street busway project, as reported by Streetsblog NYC. The matter, described as a 'highly-anticipated 34th Street busway,' had support from Council Members Erik Bottcher, Keith Powers, and others. Bottcher called it 'transformative,' promising fewer crashes and faster buses. Powers slammed the last-minute reversal. Safety analysts warn: canceling the busway preserves car dominance, discourages transit, and keeps streets unsafe for pedestrians and cyclists. The project’s future is uncertain. Vulnerable New Yorkers pay the price.


2
Sedan Turns Into Skateboarder on Madison Avenue

Jul 2 - A sedan struck a skateboarder at Madison and East 44th. The skateboarder suffered arm injuries. Police cite traffic control ignored and tailgating. Streets failed the vulnerable again.

A sedan and a skateboard collided at Madison Avenue and East 44th Street in Manhattan. The 28-year-old skateboarder was injured, suffering a contusion to his arm. According to the police report, the crash involved 'Traffic Control Disregarded' and 'Following Too Closely' as contributing factors. Both the sedan driver and skateboarder were listed as involved, but only the skateboarder was reported injured. The report highlights failures in obeying traffic signals and maintaining safe distance. No mention of helmet use or signaling was listed as a factor.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4825718 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
30
Int 0857-2024 Bottcher votes yes to remove abandoned vehicles, boosting street safety.

Jun 30 - Council orders swift removal of abandoned, derelict cars. Streets clear in 72 hours. No plates, no stickers, no excuses. Police and sanitation must act. Safer crossings for all who walk, ride, or wait.

Bill Int 0857-2024, now at the Mayor's desk, passed the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and full Council on June 30, 2025. The bill, titled "A Local Law to amend the administrative code...in relation to vehicles reported as abandoned to the department of sanitation," requires the Department of Sanitation to remove derelict vehicles within 72 hours of report. The NYPD must tow cars lacking valid plates or stickers. Prime sponsor Selvena N. Brooks-Powers led, joined by Crystal Hudson, Amanda Farías, Lincoln Restler, and others. The law targets street hazards, clearing blocked sightlines and crosswalks. It aims to cut risks for pedestrians and cyclists by removing abandoned vehicles fast.


30
Int 0857-2024 Powers votes yes to remove abandoned vehicles, boosting street safety.

Jun 30 - Council orders swift removal of abandoned, derelict cars. Streets clear in 72 hours. No plates, no stickers, no excuses. Police and sanitation must act. Safer crossings for all who walk, ride, or wait.

Bill Int 0857-2024, now at the Mayor's desk, passed the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and full Council on June 30, 2025. The bill, titled "A Local Law to amend the administrative code...in relation to vehicles reported as abandoned to the department of sanitation," requires the Department of Sanitation to remove derelict vehicles within 72 hours of report. The NYPD must tow cars lacking valid plates or stickers. Prime sponsor Selvena N. Brooks-Powers led, joined by Crystal Hudson, Amanda Farías, Lincoln Restler, and others. The law targets street hazards, clearing blocked sightlines and crosswalks. It aims to cut risks for pedestrians and cyclists by removing abandoned vehicles fast.


29
Taxi Hits Moped on West 44th, Rider Injured

Jun 29 - Taxi struck moped on West 44th. Moped driver hurt in hip and leg. Police cite passing too closely. Steel met flesh. Another rider down.

A taxi and a moped collided on West 44th Street near 8th Avenue in Manhattan. The moped driver, a 36-year-old man, suffered hip and leg injuries. According to the police report, the crash was caused by 'Passing Too Closely.' The moped driver was wearing a helmet. The taxi driver was not injured. No passengers were reported hurt. The data lists no other contributing factors.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4824175 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
27
Taxi Turns Left, Strikes Pedestrian at W 30th

Jun 27 - Taxi swung left on West 30th. Driver failed to yield. Pedestrian crossing with signal hit. Leg injured. Shock followed. System failed to protect the walker.

A taxi making a left turn on West 30th Street in Manhattan struck a 25-year-old man who was crossing with the signal. According to the police report, the pedestrian suffered a knee and lower leg injury and was in shock. The report lists 'Failure to Yield Right-of-Way' and 'Driver Inattention/Distraction' as contributing factors. The driver and an occupant in the taxi were also involved but not seriously hurt. The crash highlights the danger when drivers ignore signals and fail to yield to people in the crosswalk.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4823985 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
26
Aggressive Driver Strikes Child on West 57th

Jun 26 - A Cadillac SUV hit a child off West 57th. Aggressive driving and inexperience fueled the crash. The boy suffered a bruised shoulder. The street bore the mark of reckless speed.

A Cadillac SUV, traveling west and making a right turn near West 57th Street in Manhattan, struck a male child pedestrian who was not in the roadway. According to the police report, the crash was caused by 'Aggressive Driving/Road Rage' and 'Driver Inexperience.' The child sustained a shoulder contusion and was conscious at the scene. The driver’s actions, as listed in the report, directly contributed to the injury. No vehicle damage was reported. The incident highlights the danger posed by aggressive, inexperienced drivers to pedestrians, even those not in the roadway.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4823594 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
26
Pedicab Driver Injured by Distracted Motorist on 5th Ave

Jun 26 - A pedicab driver suffered a back contusion after a distracted driver struck him on 5th Avenue. Impact hit the center rear of the pedicab. Police cite driver inattention as the cause.

A 25-year-old male pedicab driver was injured on 5th Avenue at West 48th Street in Manhattan. According to the police report, the driver of another vehicle struck the pedicab's center back end while making a right turn. The pedicab driver suffered a back contusion but remained conscious. Police list 'Driver Inattention/Distraction' as the contributing factor in the crash. No other injuries were reported. The data shows no mention of helmet use or signals as factors in this incident.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4823595 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
25
Sedan Door Ejects Rider on West 43rd

Jun 25 - A man on a standing scooter was ejected and injured after colliding with a parked sedan’s door on West 43rd. He suffered leg and internal injuries. The crash left him in shock. No driver errors were listed.

A 28-year-old man driving a standing scooter was ejected and injured after striking the left side doors of a parked sedan at 250 W 43rd Street in Manhattan. According to the police report, the man suffered knee, lower leg, foot, and internal injuries and was in shock. The report lists the contributing factors as 'Unspecified.' No driver errors or contributing factors such as failure to yield or distraction were identified in the data. The scooter operator was not using any safety equipment. No other injuries were reported.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4824227 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
24
SUV and Sedan Collide on Avenue of the Americas

Jun 24 - Two cars slammed together on Avenue of the Americas. Neck injuries. Unsafe lane change. Inexperience behind the wheel. Passengers shaken. Metal twisted. Night in Manhattan, streets unforgiving.

Two vehicles, a sedan and an SUV, collided on Avenue of the Americas in Manhattan. According to the police report, both drivers were licensed men. The crash left two people with neck injuries and several others with unspecified harm. The report lists 'Driver Inexperience' and 'Unsafe Lane Changing' as contributing factors. The sedan struck the SUV's right side while changing lanes. No pedestrians or cyclists were involved. Passengers bore the brunt. The city’s roads again proved hazardous for those inside the cars.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4824228 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
24
Taxi Strikes Pedestrian at W 51st and 8th

Jun 24 - A taxi hit a 56-year-old man crossing at W 51st and 8th. The impact tore his leg. Blood on the street. The driver stayed. Police list no clear cause.

A 56-year-old pedestrian suffered severe lacerations to his lower leg after a taxi struck him at the intersection of W 51st Street and 8th Avenue in Manhattan. According to the police report, the pedestrian was crossing against the signal when the crash occurred. The report lists 'Unspecified' as the contributing factor for both the driver and the pedestrian. No driver errors such as failure to yield or distraction are cited. The taxi showed no visible damage. The driver was licensed and remained at the scene. No other injuries were reported.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4823045 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
22
Taxi Crash on Madison Injures Rear Passengers

Jun 22 - A taxi struck on Madison Avenue. Two rear passengers hurt. One suffered a concussion. Police cite driver distraction. Steel and glass failed to protect the vulnerable inside.

A taxi crashed on Madison Avenue at East 56th Street in Manhattan. Two rear passengers, a 64-year-old woman and a 68-year-old man, were injured. The man suffered a concussion. According to the police report, 'Driver Inattention/Distraction' was the contributing factor. The driver, a 73-year-old man, was not reported injured. The crash left the center front end of the taxi damaged. No pedestrians or cyclists were involved. The report lists no other contributing factors before noting that both injured passengers wore lap belts.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4822723 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18
20
Security Detail Cuffs Woman After Fender-Bender

Jun 20 - A parked Ford and a bronze Toyota touched in Manhattan. An investigator cuffed the young driver on the spot. The arrest was later voided. The Attorney General’s office is investigating. No injuries reported. Tension hung in the air.

According to the New York Post (2025-06-20), a minor collision occurred in Manhattan when a civilian's Toyota touched a parked Ford Expedition belonging to New York Attorney General Letitia James’ security detail. The investigator, Nelson Yu, a retired NYPD detective, immediately confronted and handcuffed the young woman driver, demanding identification. A witness described, 'He jumped out and cuffed her on the spot. No questions, no warning.' The woman was reportedly driving without a license. The arrest was later voided. The Attorney General’s office stated, 'OAG is investigating this matter internally and will not have further comment at this time.' The incident highlights the use of force and protocol in minor traffic incidents involving law enforcement personnel.


19
SUV Backs Into Pedestrian Crossing With Signal

Jun 19 - An SUV reversed on East 24th Street. The driver struck a man crossing with the signal. His leg was hurt. The street stayed busy. The crash left the pedestrian scraped and shaken. The driver backed unsafely. The city moved on.

A 49-year-old man was injured when a Jeep SUV, driven by a 58-year-old woman, backed into him at the intersection of East 24th Street and Park Avenue South in Manhattan. According to the police report, the pedestrian was crossing with the signal when the SUV reversed and struck him, causing an abrasion and injury to his lower leg. The report lists 'Backing Unsafely' as a contributing factor. The data also notes 'Pedestrian/Bicyclist/Other Pedestrian Error/Confusion,' but the pedestrian was in the crosswalk with the signal. The SUV sustained no damage. The driver was licensed and remained at the scene. The crash highlights the danger of vehicles backing into crosswalks where pedestrians have the right of way.


  • Motor Vehicle Collisions – CrashID 4821876 - Crashes, Persons, Vehicles , NYC Open Data, Accessed 2025-09-18